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固體(ti)(ti)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯酰胺(acylamide)在使用之前(qian)，一(yi)般(ban)都要將其固體(ti)(ti)溶合成(cheng)溶液，然后投加使用。聚(ju)丙(bing)烯酰胺廠家(jia)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯酰胺作(zuo)為潤(run)滑(hua)劑(ji)、懸浮劑(ji)、粘土穩(wen)定劑(ji)、驅油劑(ji)、降失(shi)水(shui)劑(ji)和增稠劑(ji)，在鉆(zhan)井、酸化、壓裂(lie)、堵水(shui)、固井及(ji)二次(ci)采(cai)油、三次(ci)采(cai)油中得到了廣泛(fan)應用,是一(yi)種極(ji)為重要的油田化學品。

聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)按其(qi)結構(gou)又(you)可分為(wei)非離(li)子(zi)型(xing)、陰離(li)子(zi)型(xing)和(he)陽離(li)子(zi)型(xing)。陰離(li)子(zi)型(xing)多(duo)(duo)為(wei)PAM 的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)解體(HPAM)。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)主鏈上(shang)帶有(you)大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)基(ji),化(hua)學活性(xing)(xing)很高，可以改性(xing)(xing)制(zhi)取許多(duo)(duo)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)衍生物(wu)，產品已廣泛應用于造(zao)紙(zhi)、選(xuan)礦(kuang)、采油、冶金、建材、污(wu)水(shui)處理等行業。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)廠家聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)為(wei)白色粉末或者小顆粒狀(zhuang)物(wu)，密度為(wei)1.32g/cm3(23度），玻(bo)璃化(hua)溫度為(wei)188度，軟化(hua)溫度近于210度，一(yi)般(ban)方(fang)法干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)時含有(you)少(shao)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)水(shui)，干(gan)(gan)時又(you)會(hui)很快從環境中(zhong)吸取水(shui)分，用冷凍(dong)干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)法分離(li)的(de)(de)(de)均聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)物(wu)是(shi)(shi)白色松(song)軟的(de)(de)(de)非結晶固體，但是(shi)(shi)當從溶液中(zhong)沉淀(dian)并干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)后則(ze)為(wei)玻(bo)璃狀(zhuang)部分透(tou)明的(de)(de)(de)固體，完全干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)PAM是(shi)(shi)脆性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)白色固體，商(shang)品聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)通常是(shi)(shi)在(zai)適(shi)度的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件下干(gan)(gan)燥(zao)的(de)(de)(de)，一(yi)般(ban)含水(shui)量(liang)為(wei)5%~15%，澆鑄在(zai)玻(bo)璃板上(shang)制(zhi)備的(de)(de)(de)高分子(zi)膜，則(ze)是(shi)(shi)透(tou)明、堅硬、易碎的(de)(de)(de)固體。聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)(xi)(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)線(xian)型(xing)高分子(zi)聚(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)合物(wu)，產品主要分為(wei)干(gan)(gan)粉和(he)膠(jiao)體兩種(zhong)形式。

按(an)其(qi)(qi)平均(jun)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)可分(fen)(fen)為(wei)低分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(<100 萬(wan))、中(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(200~400 萬(wan))和高(gao)(gao)(gao)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(>700萬(wan))三類。現使(shi)用聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰胺用于污(wu)泥污(wu)水處理(chǔ lǐ)行業比較，當(dang)天(tian)配制(zhi)好的 溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)當(dang)天(tian)使(shi)用效果很理想，但是(shi)(shi)放(fang)置(zhi)一(yi)(yi)段時間過后，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)粘度(du)(du)(du)明(ming)顯下降(descend)，效果也不好。那么(me)主(zhu)要是(shi)(shi)由哪些因素(factor)引起(qi)的 呢？   一(yi)(yi)般(ban)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)越(yue)高(gao)(gao)(gao)的 聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰胺的 溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)粘度(du)(du)(du)越(yue)大(da)(da)，這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰胺大(da)(da)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)細而長的 鏈狀體，在溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)運動的 阻(zu)力很大(da)(da)。粘度(du)(du)(du)的 實(shi)質是(shi)(shi)反映溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)內磨擦(ca)力的 大(da)(da)小，亦稱為(wei)內磨擦(ca)系數。各種高(gao)(gao)(gao)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)有機物的 溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)的 粘度(du)(du)(du)都(dou)比較高(gao)(gao)(gao)，并隨分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)升高(gao)(gao)(gao)而增大(da)(da)。測定(ding)(ding)(ding)高(gao)(gao)(gao)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)有機物分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的 一(yi)(yi)種方法，測定(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)濃度(du)(du)(du)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)在一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)條(tiao)件下的 粘度(du)(du)(du)，再按(an)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的 公式計算其(qi)(qi)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，稱為(wei) ;推(tui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(liang) ;。

而聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)烯酰胺(an)溶液的(de)(de)(de) 特(te)性粘(zhan)度 [η] 與(yu)其分子量(liang)m 之間有如下的(de)(de)(de) 指數函數關系 ： [η] = 3。73 × 10－4 × m 0.66 經驗（experience)表明，聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)烯酰胺(an)的(de)(de)(de) 絮凝性能與(yu)它的(de)(de)(de) 溶液粘(zhan)度有直接的(de)(de)(de) 關系，粘(zhan)度越(yue)高者性能越(yue)好，說分子量(liang)越(yue)高的(de)(de)(de) 聚(ju)(ju)丙(bing)烯酰胺(an)產品性能越(yue)優(you)；如果(guo)它的(de)(de)(de) 粘(zhan)度受到某些因素(su)的(de)(de)(de) 影響(xiang)而降低（reduce)，其絮凝性能必然下降。