亚洲高清揄拍自拍,国产女人十六在线影视,颐和园未删除精彩视频,美女视频黄观看免费在线,99久久无色码中文字幕

固(gu)體(ti)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)酰胺(acylamide)在使用(yong)之(zhi)前，一(yi)般都要將其固(gu)體(ti)溶合成溶液，然(ran)后投加(jia)使用(yong)。聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)酰胺廠家聚(ju)丙(bing)烯(xi)酰胺作為潤滑劑、懸浮劑、粘土穩定劑、驅油劑、降失水劑和增(zeng)稠劑，在鉆井(jing)、酸化、壓(ya)裂、堵(du)水、固(gu)井(jing)及(ji)二次采(cai)油、三次采(cai)油中得到了廣泛應用(yong),是一(yi)種極為重要的油田化學品(pin)。

聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)按其結構又可分(fen)為(wei)(wei)非離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)型(xing)、陰離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)型(xing)和(he)(he)陽(yang)離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)型(xing)。陰離(li)子(zi)(zi)(zi)型(xing)多為(wei)(wei)PAM 的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)解體(ti)(HPAM)。聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)的(de)(de)主鏈上(shang)(shang)帶有(you)大量的(de)(de)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)基,化學活性(xing)很高，可以改(gai)性(xing)制(zhi)(zhi)取(qu)(qu)許(xu)多聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)的(de)(de)衍生物(wu)，產(chan)品(pin)已廣(guang)泛應用于(yu)造紙、選礦、采油、冶金、建材、污水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理等行業。聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)廠(chang)家聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)為(wei)(wei)白色(se)粉末或(huo)者小顆粒狀物(wu)，密度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)1.32g/cm3(23度(du)(du)），玻(bo)璃化溫度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)188度(du)(du)，軟(ruan)化溫度(du)(du)近于(yu)210度(du)(du)，一(yi)般(ban)方法干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)時(shi)含(han)有(you)少(shao)量的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)，干(gan)(gan)(gan)時(shi)又會(hui)很快從環境中吸(xi)取(qu)(qu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)分(fen)，用冷凍干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)法分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)均聚(ju)物(wu)是(shi)白色(se)松軟(ruan)的(de)(de)非結晶固(gu)(gu)體(ti)，但是(shi)當從溶液中沉淀并干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)后則(ze)(ze)為(wei)(wei)玻(bo)璃狀部分(fen)透(tou)明(ming)的(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)，完全(quan)干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)的(de)(de)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)PAM是(shi)脆性(xing)的(de)(de)白色(se)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)，商品(pin)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)通常是(shi)在適度(du)(du)的(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)下(xia)干(gan)(gan)(gan)燥(zao)的(de)(de)，一(yi)般(ban)含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量為(wei)(wei)5%~15%，澆鑄在玻(bo)璃板上(shang)(shang)制(zhi)(zhi)備的(de)(de)高分(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)膜，則(ze)(ze)是(shi)透(tou)明(ming)、堅硬、易碎(sui)的(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)體(ti)。聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)線型(xing)高分(fen)子(zi)(zi)(zi)聚(ju)合(he)物(wu)，產(chan)品(pin)主要分(fen)為(wei)(wei)干(gan)(gan)(gan)粉和(he)(he)膠體(ti)兩種(zhong)形式。

按其平(ping)均(jun)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)可分(fen)(fen)(fen)為低分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(<100 萬(wan))、中分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(200~400 萬(wan))和高(gao)(gao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(>700萬(wan))三類。現使(shi)用(yong)聚(ju)丙(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)胺用(yong)于污(wu)泥(ni)污(wu)水處理(chǔ lǐ)行業(ye)比較，當天配制好的(de) 溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)當天使(shi)用(yong)效(xiao)果很理想，但是(shi)放置一(yi)段時間過(guo)后，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)粘度(du)明顯下(xia)降(descend)，效(xiao)果也不好。那么(me)主(zhu)要是(shi)由哪些因(yin)素(factor)引起的(de) 呢？   一(yi)般分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)越高(gao)(gao)的(de) 聚(ju)丙(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)胺的(de) 溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)粘度(du)越大，這(zhe)是(shi)因(yin)為聚(ju)丙(bing)烯酰(xian)(xian)胺大分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)是(shi)細而(er)長的(de) 鏈狀體(ti)，在(zai)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)中運動的(de) 阻力很大。粘度(du)的(de) 實質(zhi)是(shi)反映溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)內磨擦力的(de) 大小(xiao)，亦稱為內磨擦系數。各種高(gao)(gao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)有機(ji)物的(de) 溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)的(de) 粘度(du)都比較高(gao)(gao)，并隨分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)升高(gao)(gao)而(er)增(zeng)大。測(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)高(gao)(gao)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)有機(ji)物分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)的(de) 一(yi)種方(fang)法，測(ce)定(ding)(ding)(ding)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)濃度(du)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)在(zai)一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)條件下(xia)的(de) 粘度(du)，再按一(yi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)的(de) 公式計算其分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)，稱為 ;推(tui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)分(fen)(fen)(fen)子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang) ;。

而聚丙烯酰(xian)胺溶(rong)液的(de) 特性(xing)粘(zhan)度(du) [η] 與其分子(zi)量m 之間有(you)如下(xia)的(de) 指數函數關系 ： [η] = 3。73 × 10－4 × m 0.66 經(jing)驗（experience)表明，聚丙烯酰(xian)胺的(de) 絮凝(ning)性(xing)能與它的(de) 溶(rong)液粘(zhan)度(du)有(you)直接的(de) 關系，粘(zhan)度(du)越高者性(xing)能越好，說分子(zi)量越高的(de) 聚丙烯酰(xian)胺產品性(xing)能越優；如果它的(de) 粘(zhan)度(du)受到某些因(yin)素的(de) 影響而降低（reduce)，其絮凝(ning)性(xing)能必然下(xia)降。