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固體(ti)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)胺(an)(acylamide)在(zai)使用之前，一(yi)(yi)般都要(yao)將其(qi)固體(ti)溶(rong)合成溶(rong)液，然(ran)后投加使用。聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)胺(an)廠家聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯酰(xian)胺(an)作(zuo)為潤滑劑(ji)、懸浮劑(ji)、粘(zhan)土穩定劑(ji)、驅(qu)油(you)(you)劑(ji)、降(jiang)失水劑(ji)和增稠劑(ji)，在(zai)鉆井(jing)、酸化(hua)、壓裂(lie)、堵(du)水、固井(jing)及二次采油(you)(you)、三(san)次采油(you)(you)中得到了廣泛應用,是一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)極(ji)為重要(yao)的油(you)(you)田化(hua)學品。

聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)按(an)其(qi)結(jie)構又(you)可分(fen)為(wei)非(fei)離(li)子(zi)(zi)型、陰(yin)離(li)子(zi)(zi)型和陽(yang)離(li)子(zi)(zi)型。陰(yin)離(li)子(zi)(zi)型多(duo)為(wei)PAM 的(de)(de)(de)水解體(HPAM)。聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)主鏈上(shang)帶(dai)有大量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)基,化(hua)學活性(xing)很(hen)高(gao)(gao)，可以改性(xing)制(zhi)取許多(duo)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)衍生物(wu)，產品已廣泛應用于(yu)造紙、選礦(kuang)、采(cai)油、冶金、建材、污水處理等行業。聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)廠家聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)為(wei)白色粉末(mo)或(huo)者小顆(ke)粒狀物(wu)，密度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)1.32g/cm3(23度(du)(du)(du)），玻璃(li)化(hua)溫度(du)(du)(du)為(wei)188度(du)(du)(du)，軟化(hua)溫度(du)(du)(du)近于(yu)210度(du)(du)(du)，一(yi)般方法(fa)干(gan)燥(zao)時含有少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)水，干(gan)時又(you)會很(hen)快從環境(jing)中(zhong)吸取水分(fen)，用冷凍干(gan)燥(zao)法(fa)分(fen)離(li)的(de)(de)(de)均聚(ju)物(wu)是(shi)(shi)白色松(song)軟的(de)(de)(de)非(fei)結(jie)晶固體，但是(shi)(shi)當從溶(rong)液中(zhong)沉(chen)淀并干(gan)燥(zao)后則為(wei)玻璃(li)狀部分(fen)透明的(de)(de)(de)固體，完全干(gan)燥(zao)的(de)(de)(de)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)PAM是(shi)(shi)脆性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)白色固體，商品聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)干(gan)燥(zao)通(tong)常是(shi)(shi)在適(shi)度(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)條件(jian)下干(gan)燥(zao)的(de)(de)(de)，一(yi)般含水量(liang)為(wei)5%~15%，澆(jiao)鑄(zhu)在玻璃(li)板上(shang)制(zhi)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)膜，則是(shi)(shi)透明、堅硬、易碎的(de)(de)(de)固體。聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)聚(ju)丙(bing)(bing)烯(xi)酰(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)胺(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)種線型高(gao)(gao)分(fen)子(zi)(zi)聚(ju)合物(wu)，產品主要分(fen)為(wei)干(gan)粉和膠體兩種形式。

按其(qi)平均分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)可分為(wei)(wei)低分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(<100 萬)、中(zhong)分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(200~400 萬)和高分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)(>700萬)三類。現使用(yong)聚丙(bing)烯酰胺用(yong)于(yu)污泥污水處理(chǔ lǐ)行業比較，當天配(pei)制好的(de)(de)(de) 溶液當天使用(yong)效果很理想，但是(shi)(shi)放置一(yi)(yi)段(duan)時間過(guo)后，溶液粘(zhan)度明顯(xian)下降(descend)，效果也不好。那(nei)么(me)主要(yao)是(shi)(shi)由哪些因素(su)(factor)引起的(de)(de)(de) 呢？   一(yi)(yi)般分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)越高的(de)(de)(de) 聚丙(bing)烯酰胺的(de)(de)(de) 溶液粘(zhan)度越大(da)(da)(da)，這是(shi)(shi)因為(wei)(wei)聚丙(bing)烯酰胺大(da)(da)(da)分子(zi)(zi)是(shi)(shi)細(xi)而長的(de)(de)(de) 鏈狀體，在溶液中(zhong)運(yun)動(dong)的(de)(de)(de) 阻力很大(da)(da)(da)。粘(zhan)度的(de)(de)(de) 實(shi)質是(shi)(shi)反映溶液內(nei)磨擦力的(de)(de)(de) 大(da)(da)(da)小，亦稱為(wei)(wei)內(nei)磨擦系數。各種(zhong)(zhong)高分子(zi)(zi)有機(ji)(ji)物的(de)(de)(de) 溶液的(de)(de)(de) 粘(zhan)度都比較高，并隨(sui)分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)升高而增(zeng)大(da)(da)(da)。測(ce)定高分子(zi)(zi)有機(ji)(ji)物分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de) 一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)法(fa)，測(ce)定一(yi)(yi)定濃度溶液在一(yi)(yi)定條件下的(de)(de)(de) 粘(zhan)度，再按一(yi)(yi)定的(de)(de)(de) 公式(shi)計算其(qi)分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang)，稱為(wei)(wei) ;推定分子(zi)(zi)量(liang)(liang) ;。

而(er)(er)聚丙(bing)烯(xi)酰胺(an)溶液的(de)(de)(de)(de) 特性(xing)粘(zhan)(zhan)度 [η] 與(yu)其(qi)分子(zi)量(liang)m 之間有(you)如下的(de)(de)(de)(de) 指數(shu)函數(shu)關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi) ： [η] = 3。73 × 10－4 × m 0.66 經(jing)驗（experience)表明，聚丙(bing)烯(xi)酰胺(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de) 絮凝性(xing)能(neng)(neng)與(yu)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de) 溶液粘(zhan)(zhan)度有(you)直接的(de)(de)(de)(de) 關(guan)(guan)系(xi)(xi)，粘(zhan)(zhan)度越(yue)高者性(xing)能(neng)(neng)越(yue)好，說(shuo)分子(zi)量(liang)越(yue)高的(de)(de)(de)(de) 聚丙(bing)烯(xi)酰胺(an)產(chan)品性(xing)能(neng)(neng)越(yue)優；如果(guo)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)(de) 粘(zhan)(zhan)度受到某些因素(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de) 影響而(er)(er)降低（reduce)，其(qi)絮凝性(xing)能(neng)(neng)必然下降。